Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga ,St Tomas University,Mozambique
The present research was carried out in the Massambe Village and it was aimed at analyzing the Therapeutic Potential of Abrus precatorius and Tabernaemontana elegans, medicinal plants used in the Treatment of Bilharziosis in this Village. The research was mixed and developed in two phases. In the first one, a semi-structured interview was applied to the participants, which consisted in gathering information from the parts of the plants used, as well as the preparation and administration. At this stage participated 21 interviewees, including 1 Secretary, 7 Herbalists, 10 Traditional Medicine Practitioners and 3 Elderly people who were intentionally selected. The second phase was held in the Natural Products research laboratory of the Biology Department of the Pedagogical University Headquarters. It consisted in the identification of active principles present in the roots and leafs of the two plants under study related to the cure of bilharziosis. For the identification of active principles cold extraction (maceration) and chemical reactions were applied. The results of the interviews showed that the population uses roots, leaves, flowers and blends of roots and leaves. For the preparation of the drug, the same uses decoction, infusion and burning and for administration uses ingestion at varying dosages. The active principles identified in plant organs under study and implicated in the treatment of Bilharziosis are tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids and saponins. These active principles relate to the anthelmintic potential because they inhibit the normal development of S. mansoni.
Abrus precatorius; Tabernaemontana elegans; Traditional Medicine; Bilharziosis treatment; Shistosoma mansoni; Actives principles.
Priyanto1,2, Yunica NT1, Widiastuti E1, Wahyono BH1, Susilo MJ1, Siregar P3, Mutiawati Y3, and Kancanawatie DG3, 1Equitrust Lab, Jakarta, Indonesia, 2University of Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. HAMKA, Post Graduate Faculty of Pharmacy, Jakarta, Indonesia, 3PT Tropica Mas Pharmaceuticals, Cianjur, Indonesia
This study objective to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of Amlodipine 10 mg Produced by PT. Tropica Mas Pharmaceuticals compared to Norvask® 10 mg Tablet Produced by PT. Pfizer Indonesia, in healthy Indonesian Adults through bioequivalence study. This study is utilized by randomized, single-dose, open-label, two-way cross-over design with a washout period 14 days and fasting. This study involved 17 of 18 subjects as included in the statistical analysis. Plasma samples were collected 17 times for 72-hour per period. Amlodipine concentrations were measured using LCMS/MS. Bioequivalence was determined by value of 90% confidence interval (CI) with α = 5.00% within the range of 80.00–125.00% for AUC and Cmax. The geometric mean ratios (90% CI) of the test drug vs. the innovator drug were 101.67% (97.16 – 106.39) for AUC0-t and 100.46% (95.00 – 106.23) for Cmax. Based on the result, the test drug is bioequivalent to the comparator drug.
Pharmacokinetic, Bioequivalence, Amlodipine, AUC, and Two-Way Crossover.
Priyanto1,2, Yunica NT1, Widiastuti E1, Wahyono BH1, Susilo MJ1, Siregar P3, Mutiawati Y3, and Kancanawatie DG3, 1Equitrust Lab, Jakarta, Indonesia, 2University of Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. HAMKA, Post Graduate Faculty of Pharmacy, Jakarta, Indonesia, 3PT Tropica Mas Pharmaceuticals, Cianjur, Indonesia
This study objective was to determine the bioequivalence of Ethambutol 400 mg Film-Coated Tablet produced by PT Kimia Farma Tbk compared to its recommended comparator product by WHO, Myambutol 400 mg Film-Coated Tablet produced by Pantheon Inc, Ontario, Canada for STI Pharma LLC, in healthy subjects. The study was conducted in a randomized, single-dose, open-label, two-way crossover design, in a fasting state. The number of subjects who completed the study was 29 of 32. Blood samples were collected 18 times. Ethambutol concentrations were determined by LC-MS/MS method. Bioequivalence was determined by value of 90% confidence interval (CI) with α = 5.00% within the range of 80.00–125.00% for AUC and Cmax. The geometric mean ratios (90% CI) of the test drug vs. the innovator drug were 103.67% (97.23-110.52%) for AUC0-t and 91.53 % (84.80-98.79%) for Cmax. Based on the result, the test drug is bioequivalent to the comparator drug.
Ethambutol, AUC, Bioequivalence, Comparator, and Crossover.
